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<title>Collapsing pulse</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Collapsing pulse</span></span>

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</style><table class="infobox infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background:#ccc">Collapsing pulse</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Other names</th><td class="infobox-data">Corrigan's pulse</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="Differential_diagnosis" title="Differential diagnosis">Differential diagnosis</a></th><td class="infobox-data">aortic regurgitation</td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">

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<p><b>Watson's water hammer pulse</b>, also known as <b>Corrigan's pulse</b> or <b>collapsing pulse</b>, is the medical <a href="Sign_(medicine)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sign (medicine)">sign</a> (seen in aortic regurgitation) which describes a <a href="Pulse" title="Pulse">pulse</a> that is <b>bounding</b> and forceful,<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18480541_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18480541-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rapidly increasing and subsequently collapsing,<sup id="cite_ref-agabegi2nd_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-agabegi2nd-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as if it were the sound of a <a href="Water_hammer" class="mw-redirect" title="Water hammer">water hammer</a> that was causing the pulse.

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Diagnosis">Diagnosis</h2></div>

<p>To feel a water hammer pulse: with the patient reclining, the examiner raises the patient's arm vertically upwards. The examiner grasps the muscular part of the patient's forearm. A water hammer pulse is felt as a tapping impulse that is transmitted through the bulk of the muscles. This happens because the blood that is pumped to the arm during systole is emptied very quickly due to the gravity effect on the raised arm. This results in the artery emptying back into the heart during diastole, increasing <a href="Preload_(cardiology)" title="Preload (cardiology)">preload</a>, and therefore increasing <a href="Cardiac_output" title="Cardiac output">cardiac output</a>, (as per the <a href="Frank%E2%80%93Starling_law" title="Frank–Starling law">Frank–Starling mechanism</a>) so that <a href="Systolic_blood_pressure" class="mw-redirect" title="Systolic blood pressure">systolic blood pressure</a> increases and a stronger <a href="Pulse_pressure" title="Pulse pressure">pulse pressure</a> can be palpated. <sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Causes">Causes</h2></div>

<p>Water hammer pulse is commonly found when a patient has <a href="Aortic_regurgitation" title="Aortic regurgitation">aortic regurgitation</a>. It can also be seen in other conditions which are associated with a <a href="Hyperdynamic_circulation" title="Hyperdynamic circulation">hyperdynamic circulation</a>. A more comprehensive list of causes follows:<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<ul><li>Physiological

<ul><li><a href="Fever" title="Fever">Fever</a></li>

<li><a href="Pregnancy" title="Pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Cardiac lesions

<ul><li><a href="Aortic_regurgitation" title="Aortic regurgitation">Aortic regurgitation</a></li>

<li><a href="Patent_ductus_arteriosus" title="Patent ductus arteriosus">Patent ductus arteriosus</a></li>

<li><a href="Systolic_hypertension" title="Systolic hypertension">Systolic hypertension</a></li>

<li><a href="Bradycardia" title="Bradycardia">Bradycardia</a></li>

<li><a href="Aortopulmonary_window" title="Aortopulmonary window">Aortopulmonary window</a></li>

<li><a href="Aneurysm_of_sinus_of_Valsalva" title="Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva">Aneurysm of sinus of Valsalva</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Syndromes or high-output states

<ul><li><a href="Anemia" title="Anemia">Anemia</a></li>

<li><a href="Cor_pulmonale" class="mw-redirect" title="Cor pulmonale">Cor pulmonale</a></li>

<li><a href="Cirrhosis_of_liver" class="mw-redirect" title="Cirrhosis of liver">Cirrhosis of liver</a></li>

<li><a href="Beriberi" class="mw-redirect" title="Beriberi">Beriberi</a></li>

<li><a href="Thyrotoxicosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Thyrotoxicosis">Thyrotoxicosis</a></li>

<li><a href="Arteriovenous_fistula" title="Arteriovenous fistula">Arteriovenous fistula</a></li>

<li><a href="Paget's_disease_of_bone" title="Paget's disease of bone">Paget's disease</a></li></ul></li>

<li>Other causes

<ul><li><a href="Chronic_alcoholism" class="mw-redirect" title="Chronic alcoholism">Chronic alcoholism</a></li></ul></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eponym">Eponym</h2></div>

<p>"Watson's water hammer pulse" and "Corrigan's pulse" refer to similar observations. However, the former usually refers to measurement of a pulse on a limb, while the latter refers to measurement of the pulse of the <a href="Carotid_artery" title="Carotid artery">carotid artery</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18480541_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18480541-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p>

<ul><li>"Corrigan's pulse" is named for Sir <a href="Dominic_Corrigan" title="Dominic Corrigan">Dominic Corrigan</a>, the Irish physician, who characterized it in 1832.<sup id="cite_ref-Yale2021_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yale2021-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li>

<li>"Watson's water hammer pulse" is named for <a href="Thomas_Watson_(physician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Thomas Watson (physician)">Thomas Watson</a>, who characterized it in 1844.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid18480541_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid18480541-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul>

<ul><li><a href="Blood_hammer" title="Blood hammer">Blood hammer</a></li></ul>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite id="CITEREFSuvarna_JC2008" class="citation journal cs1">Suvarna JC (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=2008;volume=54;issue=2;spage=163;epage=165;aulast=Suvarna">"Watson's water hammer pulse"</a>. <i>J Postgrad Med</i>. <b>54</b> (2): <span class="nowrap">163–</span>5. <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.4103%2F0022-3859.40791">10.4103/0022-3859.40791</a></span>. <a href="Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1807%2F52171">1807/52171</a></span>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18480541">18480541</a>.</cite></span>

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<li id="cite_note-agabegi2nd-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-agabegi2nd_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFElizabeth_D_AgabegiAgabegi,_Steven_S.2008" class="citation book cs1">Elizabeth D Agabegi; Agabegi, Steven S. (2008). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/stepuptomedicine0000agab"><i>Step-Up to Medicine (Step-Up Series)</i></a></span>. Hagerstwon, MD: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-0-7817-7153-5</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/aortic-regurgitation/">"Aortic Regurgitation"</a>. <i>The Lecturio Medical Concept Library</i>. October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPabbaSafadiBoudi2021" class="citation journal cs1">Pabba, K; Safadi, A; Boudi, B (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK526118/">"Water Hammer Pulse"</a>. <i>National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine</i>. <a href="PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30252374">30252374</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2021</span>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-Yale2021-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yale2021_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFYaleTekinerMazzaYale2021" class="citation book cs1">Yale, Steven H.; Tekiner, Halil; Mazza, Joseph J.; Yale, Eileen S.; Yale, Ryan C. (2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zJQoEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA109">"5. Aortic regurgitation murmurs"</a>. <i>Cardiovascular Eponymic Signs: Diagnostic Skills Applied During the Physical Examination</i>. Switzerland: Springer. pp. <span class="nowrap">109–</span>114. <a href="ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <bdi>978-3-030-67596-7</bdi>.</cite></span>

</li>

<li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">D. J. Corrigan. On permanent patency of the mouth of the aorta, or inadequacy of the aortic valves. The Edinburgh Medical and Surgical Journal, 1832, 37: 225-245.</span>

</li>

</ol></div></div>

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</style><div id="Signs_and_symptoms_relating_to_the_circulatory_system180" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="Signs_and_symptoms" title="Signs and symptoms">Signs and symptoms</a> relating to the <a href="Circulatory_system" title="Circulatory system">circulatory system</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Chest_pain" title="Chest pain">Chest pain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Referred_pain" title="Referred pain">Referred pain</a></li>

<li><a href="Angina" title="Angina">Angina</a>

<ul><li><a href="Levine's_sign" title="Levine's sign">Levine's sign</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Auscultation" title="Auscultation">Auscultation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Heart_sounds" title="Heart sounds">Heart sounds</a>

<ul><li><a href="Split_S2" title="Split S2">Split S2</a></li>

<li><a href="Gallop_rhythm" title="Gallop rhythm">Gallop rhythm</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Heart_murmur" title="Heart murmur">Heart murmur</a>

<ul><li><a href="Systolic_heart_murmur" title="Systolic heart murmur">Systolic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Functional_murmur" title="Functional murmur">Functional murmur</a></li>

<li><a href="Still's_murmur" title="Still's murmur">Still's murmur</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Diastolic_heart_murmur" title="Diastolic heart murmur">Diastolic</a>

<ul><li><a href="Pulmonary_insufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonary insufficiency">Pulmonary insufficiency</a></li>

<li><a href="Graham_Steell_murmur" title="Graham Steell murmur">Graham Steell murmur</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Continuous_murmurs" title="Continuous murmurs">Continuous</a></li>

<li><a href="Carey_Coombs_murmur" title="Carey Coombs murmur">Carey Coombs murmur</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Mitral_insufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitral insufficiency">Mitral insufficiency</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Presystolic_murmur" title="Presystolic murmur">Presystolic murmur</a></li></ul></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pericardial_friction_rub" title="Pericardial friction rub">Pericardial friction rub</a></li>

<li><a href="Heart_click" title="Heart click">Heart click</a></li>

<li><a href="Bruit" title="Bruit">Bruit</a>

<ul><li><a href="Carotid_bruit" title="Carotid bruit">carotid</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Pulse" title="Pulse">Pulse</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Tachycardia" title="Tachycardia">Tachycardia</a></li>

<li><a href="Bradycardia" title="Bradycardia">Bradycardia</a></li>

<li><a href="Pulsus_paradoxus" title="Pulsus paradoxus">Pulsus paradoxus</a></li>

<li><i>doubled</i>

<ul><li><a href="Pulsus_bisferiens" title="Pulsus bisferiens">Pulsus bisferiens</a></li>

<li><a href="Pulsus_bigeminus" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulsus bigeminus">Pulsus bigeminus</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Pulsus_alternans" title="Pulsus alternans">Pulsus alternans</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Palpitations" title="Palpitations">Palpitations</a>

<li><a href="C%C5%93ur_en_sabot" title="Cœur en sabot">Cœur en sabot</a></li>

<li><a href="Jugular_venous_pressure" title="Jugular venous pressure">Jugular venous pressure</a>

<ul><li><a href="Cannon_A_waves" title="Cannon A waves">Cannon A waves</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Hyperaemia" title="Hyperaemia">Hyperaemia</a></li>

</ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Shock_(circulatory)" title="Shock (circulatory)">Shock</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Cardiogenic_shock" title="Cardiogenic shock">Cardiogenic</a></li>

<li><a href="Obstructive_shock" title="Obstructive shock">Obstructive</a></li>

<li><a href="Hypovolemia" title="Hypovolemia">Hypovolemic</a></li>

<li><a href="Distributive_shock" title="Distributive shock">Distributive</a></li>

<li>See further Template:Shock</li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Cardiovascular_disease" title="Cardiovascular disease">Cardiovascular disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Aortic_insufficiency" class="mw-redirect" title="Aortic insufficiency">Aortic insufficiency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul>

<li><a href="De_Musset's_sign" title="De Musset's sign">De Musset's sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Duroziez's_sign" title="Duroziez's sign">Duroziez's sign</a></li>

<li><a href="M%C3%BCller's_sign" title="Müller's sign">Müller's sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Austin_Flint_murmur" title="Austin Flint murmur">Austin Flint murmur</a></li>

<li><a href="Mayne's_sign" title="Mayne's sign">Mayne's sign</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="Endocardium" title="Endocardium">endocardium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Endocarditis" title="Endocarditis">endocarditis</a>:</i> <a href="Roth's_spot" title="Roth's spot">Roth's spot</a></li>

<li><a href="Janeway_lesion" title="Janeway lesion">Janeway lesion</a>/<a href="Osler's_node" title="Osler's node">Osler's node</a></li>

<li><a href="Bracht%E2%80%93Wachter_bodies" title="Bracht–Wachter bodies">Bracht–Wachter bodies</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Pericardium" title="Pericardium">Pericardium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Cardiac_tamponade" title="Cardiac tamponade">Cardiac tamponade</a>/<a href="Pericardial_effusion" title="Pericardial effusion">Pericardial effusion</a>:</i> <a href="Beck's_triad_(cardiology)" title="Beck's triad (cardiology)">Beck's triad</a></li>

<li><a href="Ewart's_sign" title="Ewart's sign">Ewart's sign</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Rheumatic_fever" title="Rheumatic fever">rheumatic fever</a>:</i></li>

<li><a href="Anitschkow_cell" title="Anitschkow cell">Anitschkow cell</a></li>

<li><a href="Aschoff_body" title="Aschoff body">Aschoff body</a></li>

<li><a href="Gallavardin_phenomenon" title="Gallavardin phenomenon">Gallavardin phenomenon</a></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Vascular_disease" title="Vascular disease">Vascular disease</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Artery" title="Artery">Arterial</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><i><a href="Aortic_aneurysm" title="Aortic aneurysm">aortic aneurysm</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Cardarelli's_sign" title="Cardarelli's sign">Cardarelli's sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Oliver's_sign" title="Oliver's sign">Oliver's sign</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="Pulmonary_embolism" title="Pulmonary embolism">pulmonary embolism</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Right_heart_strain" title="Right heart strain">Right heart strain</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="Radial_artery" title="Radial artery">radial artery sufficiency</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Allen's_test" title="Allen's test">Allen's test</a></li></ul></li>

<li><i><a href="Pseudohypertension" title="Pseudohypertension">pseudohypertension</a></i></li>

<li><i><a href="Thrombus" title="Thrombus">thrombus</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Lines_of_Zahn" title="Lines of Zahn">Lines of Zahn</a></li></ul></li>

<li><a href="Adson's_sign" title="Adson's sign">Adson's sign</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Arteriovenous_fistula" title="Arteriovenous fistula">arteriovenous fistula</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Nicoladoni%E2%80%93Branham_sign" title="Nicoladoni–Branham sign">Nicoladoni–Branham sign</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="Vein" title="Vein">Venous</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">

<ul><li><a href="Friedreich's_sign" title="Friedreich's sign">Friedreich's sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Caput_medusae" title="Caput medusae">Caput medusae</a></li>

<li><a href="Kussmaul's_sign" title="Kussmaul's sign">Kussmaul's sign</a></li>

<li><a href="Trendelenburg_test" title="Trendelenburg test">Trendelenburg test</a></li>

<li><i><a href="Superior_vena_cava_syndrome" title="Superior vena cava syndrome">superior vena cava syndrome</a></i>

<ul><li><a href="Pemberton's_sign" title="Pemberton's sign">Pemberton's sign</a></li></ul></li></ul>

</div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div><div><div class="zim-footer">

This article is issued from <a class="external text" title="Last edited on 2024-10-26" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/?title=Collapsing_pulse&oldid=1253492954">Wikipedia</a>. The text is available under <a class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

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